How to read and Write Numbers and Math expressions

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NUMBERS

 1. Writing Numbers 0 to 10

Students should begin by learning to write and spell single-digit numbers and zero.

Number	Word
0	Zero
1	One
2	Two
3	Three
4	Four
5	Five
6	Six
7	Seven
8	Eight
9	Nine
10	Ten

2. Writing Numbers 10 to 100 (in Tens)

Once comfortable with 0-10, move on to writing and spelling multiples of 10.

Number	Word
10	Ten
20	Twenty
30	Thirty
40	Forty
50	Fifty
60	Sixty
70	Seventy
80	Eighty
90	Ninety
100	One hundred

 

3. Writing Numbers 100 to 1000 (in Hundreds)

Students then practice writing multiples of 100.

Number	Word
100	One hundred
200	Two hundred
300	Three hundred
400	Four hundred
500	Five hundred
600	Six hundred
700	Seven hundred
800	Eight hundred
900	Nine hundred
1000	One thousand

 

4. Writing Numbers 1000 to 1,000,000

Introduce larger numbers using key milestones like 10,000, 100,000, and 1,000,000.

Number	Word
1,000	One thousand
10,000	Ten thousand
100,000	One hundred thousand
1,000,000	One million

 

5. Examples of Random Numbers and How to Write Them

Here are some examples of random numbers written out in words to reinforce learning:

Number	Word
13	Thirteen
42	Forty-two
127	One hundred twenty-seven
345	Three hundred forty-five
1,234	One thousand two hundred thirty-four
15,678	Fifteen thousand six hundred seventy-eight
100,001	One hundred thousand one
567,890	Five hundred sixty-seven thousand eight hundred ninety
999,999	Nine hundred ninety-nine thousand nine hundred ninety-nine

 

6. Tips for Pronouncing Numbers

1. Commas Divide the Words:
• "1,234" = "One thousand two hundred thirty-four."
• Each group of three digits is said as a block.
2. Hyphens for Tens and Units:
• For numbers between 21 and 99, use a hyphen: "Forty-two," "Eighty-nine."
3. And Is Optional:
• In American English, "and" is often omitted: "One hundred twenty-three."
• In British English, "and" is included: "One hundred and twenty-three."
4. Zero in Decimals:
• Pronounce it as "point": "3.05" = "Three point zero five."

 

CURRENCY AMOUNTS

 1. Saying Small Currency Amounts (Up to 99 Units)

• Use the currency name after the number.
• Add "and" before smaller units (like cents or pence).

Amount	How to Say It
$1.00	One dollar
$2.50	Two dollars and fifty cents
£3.25	Three pounds and twenty-five pence
€0.75	Seventy-five cents (or euros)
¥1.00	One yen

 

2. Saying Whole Numbers with Currency (Hundreds or Thousands)

• Mention the full amount first and include the currency.
• For even amounts, add the currency alone: "Two hundred dollars."
• For exact figures with cents, include "and."

Amount	How to Say It
$100	One hundred dollars
£250	Two hundred fifty pounds
€1,000	One thousand euros
¥3,500	Three thousand five hundred yen
$4,567.89	Four thousand five hundred sixty-seven dollars and eighty-nine cents

 

3. Saying Large Currency Amounts (Millions and Beyond)

• Use terms like million, billion, or trillion for clarity.
• Break the number into groups if it’s long.

Amount	How to Say It
$1,000,000	One million dollars
£2,500,000	Two million five hundred thousand pounds
€10,000,000	Ten million euros
¥1,000,000,000	One billion yen
$123,456,789.01	One hundred twenty-three million four hundred fifty-six thousand seven hundred eighty-nine dollars and one cent

 

4. Common Variations

• Decimals in Currency:
• $2.50 = "Two dollars and fifty cents."
• £10.99 = "Ten pounds and ninety-nine pence."
• Cents Only:
• $0.25 = "Twenty-five cents."
• €0.75 = "Seventy-five euro cents."
• Informal Speech:
• $5.00 = "Five bucks" (common for dollars in informal settings).
• £10 = "A tenner" (common for pounds in informal British English).

 

5. Examples with Random Currency Values

Currency Amount	How to Say It
$7.89	Seven dollars and eighty-nine cents
£42.50	Forty-two pounds and fifty pence
€3,210.00	Three thousand two hundred ten euros
¥15,000	Fifteen thousand yen
$1,234,567.89	One million two hundred thirty-four thousand five hundred sixty-seven dollars and eighty-nine cents

  

FRACTIONS

 1. Fractions in Numbers and Currency

Fractions are typically expressed as "numerator/denominator." For amounts of currency, the denominator often represents parts of a whole unit.

Fractions Examples:

Fraction	How to Say It
1/2	One-half
1/3	One-third
1/4	One-fourth or a quarter
3/4	Three-fourths or three quarters
2/5	Two-fifths
5/8	Five-eighths

 

Fractions with Currency:

Amount	How to Say It
$1 1/2	One and a half dollars
£4 3/4	Four and three-quarters pounds
€2 2/5	Two and two-fifths euros

 

2. Ordinals (Numbers Indicating Position)

Ordinals are used to describe position or order (e.g., 1st, 2nd, 3rd).

Ordinals Examples:

Ordinal        How to Say It

• 1st:     First
• 2nd  :  Second
• 3rd :  Third
• 4th  :   Fourth
• 5th   :  Fifth
• 10th :  Tenth
• 20th :  Twentieth
• 100th :One hundredth

3. Advanced Examples of Fractions, Ordinals, and Currency

Fractions in Practical Use:

Fraction Example	How to Say It
1 1/2 hours	One and a half hours
3/4 mile	Three-quarters of a mile
2 2/5 kilograms	Two and two-fifths kilograms
5/8 of a pizza	Five-eighths of a pizza

Ordinals in Practical Use:

Ordinal Example	How to Say It
1st place	First place
5th street	Fifth street
22nd century	Twenty-second century
100th anniversary	One hundredth anniversary

 

4. Combining Fractions, Ordinals, and Currency

Example	How to Say It
$1 1/4	One and a quarter dollars
£3 3/5	Three and three-fifths pounds
€5 2/3	Five and two-thirds euros
2 1/2 kilograms	Two and a half kilograms
She came 3rd in the race	She came third in the race
$10.75	Ten dollars and seventy-five cents

 

5. Practice Examples

Encourage students to write and say these:

1. Write 3/4 mile in words.
   Answer: Three-quarters of a mile.
2. Write 2nd place in words.
   Answer: Second place.
3. Write £1 1/2 in words.
   Answer: One and a half pounds.
4. Write €20.99 in words.
   Answer: Twenty euros and ninety-nine cents.

 

MATHEMATICAL EXPRESSIONS

1. Basic Mathematical Operations

Operation	Symbol	How to Say It	Example	Spoken Form
Addition	+	Plus / Add	3 + 5 = 8	Three plus five equals eight
Subtraction	-	Minus / Subtract	10 - 7 = 3	Ten minus seven equals three
Multiplication	× or *	Times / Multiply by	4 × 6 = 24	Four times six equals twenty-four
Division	÷ or /	Divided by	20 ÷ 4 = 5	Twenty divided by four equals five
Equality	=	Equals	2 + 2 = 4	Two plus two equals four

 

2. Advanced Mathematical Concepts

Powers and Exponents

Operation	Symbol	How to Say It	Example	Spoken Form
Squaring	^2	To the power of two / Squared	3² = 9	Three squared equals nine
Cubing	^3	To the power of three / Cubed	2³ = 8	Two cubed equals eight
Powers	^n	To the power of n	5⁴ = 625	Five to the power of four equals six hundred twenty-five

 

Square Roots

Operation	Symbol	How to Say It	Example	Spoken Form
Square Root	√	Square root of	√16 = 4	Square root of sixteen equals four

 

3. Examples of Mixed Equations

Equation	How to Say It
5+3−2	Five plus three minus two equals six
4×7÷2	Four times seven divided by two equals fourteen
9²	Nine squared equals eighty-one
√49	Square root of forty-nine equals seven
2³ + 4	Two cubed plus four equals twelve
10−2×3	Ten minus two times three equals four

 

4. Examples of Real-Life Applications

Word Problems with Solutions

1. Addition Example:
   Question: "If you have 3 apples and get 5 more, how many apples do you have in total?"
   Solution: 3+5=8. Say: "Three plus five equals eight."
2. Subtraction Example:
   Question: "You had 10 dollars and spent 7. How much money is left?"
   Solution: 10−7=3. Say: "Ten minus seven equals three."
3. Multiplication Example:
   Question: "If each bag contains 4 candies and you have 6 bags, how many candies do you have?"
   Solution: 4×6=24. Say: "Four times six equals twenty-four."
4. Division Example:
   Question: "Divide 20 chocolates equally among 4 people. How many chocolates does each person get?"
   Solution: 20÷4=5. Say: "Twenty divided by four equals five."
5. Exponent Example:
   Question: "What is the square of 5?"
   Solution: 5² = 25. Say: "Five squared equals twenty-five."
6. Square Root Example:
   Question: "What is the square root of 36?"
   Solution: √36=6. Say: "Square root of thirty-six equals six."

 

COMPARISONS

1. Symbols and Their Meanings

Symbol	How to Say It	Example	Spoken Form
<	Less than	5 < 8	Five is less than eight
>	Greater than	10 > 3	Ten is greater than three
=	Equal to	7 = 7	Seven is equal to seven
≤	Less than or equal to	6 ≤ 6	Six is less than or equal to six
≥	Greater than or equal to	9 ≥ 5	Nine is greater than or equal to five
≠	Not equal to	4 ≠ 7	Four is not equal to seven

 

2. Examples of Comparisons

Basic Comparisons

Comparison	How to Say It
3<7	Three is less than seven
15>10	Fifteen is greater than ten
12=12	Twelve is equal to twelve
8≤8	Eight is less than or equal to eight
20≥18	Twenty is greater than or equal to eighteen
5≠95	Five is not equal to nine

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3. Real-Life Applications

Number Comparisons in Word Problems

1. Less Than Example:
   Question: "John has 3 candies, and Mary has 5 candies. Who has fewer candies?"
   Answer: 3<5.
   Say: "John has fewer candies than Mary because three is less than five."
2. Greater Than Example:
   Question: "A tree is 15 meters tall, and a bush is 2 meters tall. Which is taller?"
   Answer: 15>2.
   Say: "The tree is taller than the bush because fifteen is greater than two."
3. Equal To Example:
   Question: "A bag contains 10 apples, and another bag also has 10 apples. Are the quantities the same?"
   Answer: 10=10.
   Say: "The quantities are the same because ten equals ten."
4. Not Equal To Example:
   Question: "A car has 4 wheels, and a bike has 2 wheels. Are the numbers of wheels the same?"
   Answer: 4≠24.
   Say: "The numbers of wheels are not the same because four is not equal to two."

 

4. Comparing Larger Numbers

Comparison	How to Say It
1200<5000	Twelve hundred is less than five thousand
10,000>7,000	Ten thousand is greater than seven thousand
1,000,000=1,000,000	One million is equal to one million
75,000≥	Seventy-five thousand is greater than or equal to fifty thousand

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5. Practice Questions

1. Is 4>6? (Answer: No, four is less than six.)
2. Is 9=9? (Answer: Yes, nine is equal to nine.)
3. Compare 5000≠4500.
4. 20≥19: What does this mean?
5. Write and compare 12<30 in words.